1. Stroke
BEFAST
B: Balance Loss of balance
E: Eyes Loss of vision
F: Face - Drooping of face
A: Arm and Leg weakness
S: Speech - Slurring of speech
T: Time - Golden period of stroke: 4.5 hours
2. Epilepsy
Uprolling of eyes
Frothing from mouth
Jerking of limbs
Urinary/bowel incontinence
Loss of Consciousness
3. Headache
Severe
With fever
Changes in vision (Blurring/loss of vision)
Face/hand/leg weakness
Associated with seizures or altered sensorium
4. Parkinsonism & other Movement Disorders, Ataxia & Dementia
Severe rigidity causing difficulty to eat / drink/move
Severe imbalance
5. Multiple Sclerosis & other Demyelinating Diseases
Sudden onset vision loss
Sudden onset severe weakness
Urine/bowel incontinence
6. Giddiness & Vertigo
Severe difficulty to move about/severe vomiting
7. Backache & Sciatica
Severe numbness/weakness of legs
Urine/bowel incontinence
8. Muscle/Nerve & Neuromuscular Junction Disorders
Difficulty to breathe/eat/double vision
Difficulty to move about
Rapidly increasing weakness
Neurology is the medicine that pertains to the Nervous System. It comprises the brain, spinal cord, nerves and the muscles supplied by the nerve.
Diseases namely Stroke, Epilepsy, Parkinsonism, Dementia, Headache, Visual disturbances, eyelid abnormalities, Giddiness, Facial weakness, Facial twitching, Weakness of hands and legs, Numbness of any part of body, Sleep related illness.
Difficulty in using upper limbs, get up and walk, difficulty to maintain balance, sensory loss to feel touch and temperature, feeling of pins and needles on any body part, slurring of speech, visual disturbances, memory disturbances, involuntary jerking of limbs, loss of consciousness and behavioral changes, deviation of face or loss of sensations over face.
A detailed exam involves a good history elicitation, ascertaining the consciousness and memory status, neurologic examination of muscle power, tone, sensory examination, gait and balance examination.
TIME IS NEURON. A lot of neurologic disease if diagnosed early and treated adequately are curable.
Detailed History is still the cornerstone in reaching a diagnosis in Neurology. History complemented with necessary tests usually pinpoints to a diagnoses. Without eliciting a history it is a shoot in the dark.
Because a lot of illnesses if addressed early and adequately can be treated satisfactorily. For example the Golden period of stroke is the time period wherein the effects of stroke can be reversed. TIME IS NERVES. Another peculiar illness with close association to time is Gullian Barre Syndrome ( GBS ).
Bed side tests Neurological Tests : Nerve Conduction Studies, Electromyography, Electro-encephalogram, Visual Evoked Potentials and others
Radiological Tests : USG, CT, MRI, PET Scan.
Laboratory Tests: Lumbar Puncture, Blood Analysis, Urine Analysis, Toxicology studies.
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